deck works

conceptual sketch

the design phase effectively communicates the project intent and reduces costs as most geometric and stylistic conflicts are resolved before the first material run, nearly eliminating rework and material waste 

the existing deck was built by a landscape/paver crew that seemed not well-versed in timber design

rebuilt stair detail

bench / planter details

handrail details

the larger surface area of wooden dowels contrasted with screws or nails means a much lower stress connection that is also watertight, postponing decay by years

solid wood joinery pergola

interlocking components render superior strength, durability, and beauty

side elevation

steel lag screws were used to fasten the posts to the frame because modern code does not comprehend nor permit traditional joinery in structural applications without a lengthy process culminating in an engineer's stamp

pergola assembly

the finish is a japanese technique known as Yakisugi (Shou Sugi Ban being a common commercial brand) which naturally protects wood from UV, water, insects, microorganisms, and even fire. 

process

The timber is first charred, traditionally by leaning three planks against one another vertically to create a chimney, then starting a small fire at the base. I used the modern shortcut here of a large propane torch as this project is in the city. 

After burning, some of the heavy char may be removed with water and wire brush to expose the lighter grain of faster growing early wood. This can also produce a three dimensional effect as the softer wood may be removed in greater depth depending on the burn time.

The material is then rinsed with water and soft brush to remove any loose carbon on the surface.  Optionally, it can be hand rubbed with oil and also coated with wax or urethane if desired.

I first learned of this method through the outstanding Northmen channel and highly recommend the entire video to anyone interested in superb craftsmanship or natural building. 

This jobsite organizer was built and fired during the project from remnants of the original stairs

   and so it goes...

__________________

The only means of strengthening one's intellect is to make up one's mind about nothing -

to let the mind be a thoroughfare for all thoughts. 

    —John Keats